Securities and Investments Commission Act †Assignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Securities and Investments Commission Act. Answer: Presentation: The issue was essentially between the Australian Securities and Investment Commission (ASIC) and the chiefs of Storm Financial Limited (SFL). It was essentially because of the way that it was viewed as that the chiefs, for example Mr. Also, Mrs. Cassimatis were not following their separate obligations with determination and with Ethical angles. Before the budgetary emergency struck the world economy, SFL was under acceptable measure of benefits, having income of $77 million and the estimation of gross resources, crossing $120 million. As indicated by Mr. What's more, Mrs. Cassimatis, this case is remarkable in the Australian Corporate History, in particular in light of the three components: The charge of break with respect to the consideration and steadiness depend upon the single arrangement of the Companies Act 2001. The penetrate in regards to the equivalent had happened, when both were the main investors of the organization and the organization was in full dissolvability. There has been no question that them two were not taking care of the organization with eventual benefits, in any event, during the hour of downturn. (Government Court of Australia, 2016) As indicated by the arrangements of the Companies Act, the executives of the organization, who are the sole investors of a dissolvable organization, couldn't generally break the segment 180(1), by a course of direct, which is almost certain to repudiate arrangements of the Corporation Act. Subsequently, it tends to be said that the primary issue in regards to the circumstance of a dissolvability organization was with respect to the vehicle and persistence of the chiefs of the organization, who were the sole investors of the organization. (ASIC, 2016) According to the Section 180(1) of the Corporations Act 2001, the executives of the organization should release all its obligation with due regard and care. It ought to be finished with legitimate tirelessness as without the equivalent; it would get hard for the organization to work its exercises with full polished skill. Going to the demonstrable skill of the entire situation, the chiefs of the organization were not carrying out their particular responsibilities in a suitable way and consequently, it was required by the enterprises demonstration or the law to mediate in the circumstance. (ASIC, 2015) Aside from this the other law, which is appropriate in this situation is the Section 945A (1) (B), identified with the immediate contradiction of the executives of the organization. (ASIC, 2015) Going to the use of the both the laws, in the current situation, it ought to be noted in the unlucky deficiencies of these laws, the organization would not have the option to ensure that it is really making any kind of an issue, with the current circumstance. As the administrators of the nation had expressed that within the sight of a dissolvable organization, the chiefs of the organization should ensure that every one of their exercises are occurred with due consideration and tirelessness. Legitimate morals are to be followed in the best way and subsequently, it turned into a significant point for the greater part of the current circumstance to ensure that every one of these cases don't emerge over the long haul. (ASIC, 2015) The primary concern of examination in this situation has been a result of the correlation, being made in regards to the circumstances when the time of downturn. It is a result of this reasons the higher specialists are making a move against the organization, as both the executives of the organization are not playing out its individual exercises with the most extreme consideration. This has been under the investigation of the law and in this manner, it is to be noticed that within the sight of these laws, all the organizations would be required to ensure that all the important laws and rules are to be successfully trailed by them. Henceforth, it tends to be said that all the organizations, be it an open or a privately owned business, should ensure that their administration is taking up choices viably with legitimate consideration and persistence, as within the sight of the equivalent, the organization ought to be working its exercises in the most ideal way and no false exercises are l ed over the long haul. (Province Consolidated Acts, 2014) So as to finish up, it very well may be said that, within the sight of these laws, all the organizations should ensure that they are agreeing to the laws, productively as within the sight of these laws, all the exercises of the organization will be named. In the current situation also, it very well may be said that Mr. What's more, Mrs. Casemates, didn't violate any law, as there was no indication of non-determination and all the work and exercises were finished with legitimate consideration. Consequently, it very well may be said that within the sight of these laws, no organization will have the option to execute its exercises as it will lead them to have a non-existent situation for the flawlessness of the organization in driving the best model. Along these lines, it very well may be said that the Corporations Act, assumes a significant job in keeping a mind all the organizations under them. (Australian Government, 2017) In this specific case, Kanye is being coordinated to leave the organization as he had contradicted different chiefs or the kin of the equivalent. Thus, he even had held a gathering with different executives of the organization and had given a proposition to turn into the overseeing chief of the organization. Because of certain complaints with the family, he had required an executive gathering and had presented himself to be the overseeing chief of the organization. Hence, the rest of the accomplices of the Koala Ltd. Were considerably more against him and had expressed for a reality that he ought to be ended from the organization. Following this, the rest of the accomplices of the organization had required an executive gathering, where all the current accomplices were available and it was concluded that the organization will give extra offers and 25 offers were available to be bought for $1,000 each. Furthermore, the staying 75 offers were conveyed among Keith, Kylie and Khaled. Alto gether, there was no offer dispersion to Kanye, which expressed that the organization is removing the offers from him and making it accessible to other people. Koala Ltd. according to the new development, Kanye would not be a piece of the organization. (ASIC, 2016) Not just this, the organization additionally had held a gathering, where the rest of the chiefs of the organization had expressed that the kanye would not be the piece of the organization any longer and had passed a goals as needs be. After the gathering was finished up, the rest of the executives even expressed that they would disperse the profits of the organization and alongside it had expanded their individual pay rates, or chiefs compensation. After this gathering, Keith and Kylie had even started the way toward having another organization, which would help them to sell their separate items over the world. This wills twofold their particular benefits and consequently, the proposition was promptly acknowledged by both the chiefs of the organization. They had named the new organization as koala2 Ltd. The primary goal of the organization was to purchase the items from the neighborhood sources and offer the item to the remote market. Subsequently, one of the significant explanations behind the organization to make benefits was the way that the organization would be connecting with itself during the time spent purchasing the neighborhood things and selling the equivalent in the worldwide market. (afr, 2017) Going to the current situation, Kanye would not conflict with the current executives of the organization as it gets hard to conflict with the larger part. The choice was taken by the rest of the chiefs of the organization. What's more, subsequently the larger part was against Kanye and his deed of conflicting with the organization, the more significant position authority had found that the current executives of the organization are following the convention to ensure that they are taking this choice in the advantage of the organization all in all. Along these lines, it very well may be said that, the Corporations Act permits the executives of the organization to conflict with its group if the greater part takes into account the equivalent. As per the Section 12, the chief can contradict the choice as taken, however on the off chance that most of the administration is preferring one choice, it is essential to follow the equivalent and henceforth, Kanye can't generally conflict with the administration of the organization. In this way, it very well may be said that the Kanye would not be a piece of the organization Koala Ltd. any longer. Kanye was at that point not a piece of the organization when the new association was shaped. So hence, it very well may be said that Kanye didn't generally have any rights towards the organization. As the new organization was framed, Kanye was not even in the administration of the organization and consequently, he can't uphold his choice or supposition at any rate towards the dynamic procedure of the organization. Considering the circumstance of Khaled, he can conflict with both of his kin simply because of the way that they are utilizing a similar name of the organization. In spite of the fact that there is no protest that not the slightest bit the other two accomplices, Keith and Kylie, can open an organization, yet it isn't considered them to utilize a similar name as of the current organization. Along these lines, Khaled can really take the organization to the court, as the name Koala has previously being used. What's more, regardless of whether they needed to utilize the name, l egitimate earlier authorization is to be taken from the current organization so as to ensure that there is no disarray with the gatherings managing the equivalent. Possibly they ought to have included Khaled in the new organization, or earlier authorization was to be taken adequately from the current investors of Koala Ltd. End So as to finish up, we can say that it is significant for any organization to ensure that so as to utilize the name of any organization, it is essential to know about the way that earlier consent is to be taken from the administration of the parent organization. Without the equivalent, the existent administration can make certain move against the equivalent. In this way, it was something critical to be watched, with the assistance of which the subsequent organization as shaped would just have the option to execute its activities effectively. Koala Ltd. being the parent organization can make a move against Koala2 Ltd. as it would be driving the penetrating of the law. This penetrating

Reply to Sor Filotea de la Cruz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer to Sor Filotea de la Cruz - Essay Example The letter features the endeavors this woman has taken to pick up information so as to ease numbness. It battles for balance in chances to the two people by ladies ascending to their feet and getting odds of acquiring intelligence. Ladies need fitness in light of insufficient of training. In the most significant pieces of the letter, the religious recluse discussions about generalizing. How she battled chances and wished to be dealt with like a man with deference and being given equivalent open doors like them. She anyway was conscious to requests and directions with the goal that her strict qualities can't be disintegrated. It was likewise obligatory for a lady to be respectful and accommodating to men and any of more established age. She longed for instruction and longed for heading off to the college as young men did. She went without specific nourishments inspired by a paranoid fear of being idiotic as they guarantee they made one. She needed an equivalent spot as the other sexual orientation however it plainly was impractical around then. She had a hunger for information and did what she could in her ability to learn of the most significant things she believed she needed to think about. In this letter she has asserted that the individuals in her connection condem ned her tendency to information refering to that it would cause her to lose her strict quality and make her powerless (Stephanie 45)â . This was the most troublesome time for her in light of the fact that clearly support in any person’s Endeavor is consistently useful. She adored their friendship and now and again thought it denied her of the opportunity to consider. Envy, she learned will undoubtedly occur towards a shrewd individual particularly if the individual is a lady. Ladies are loathed and their place viewed as the home just and it would be battle on the off chance that they wandered in regions where they are as far as anyone knows not to be. One specific model she has utilized is that of Peter who picked up information and was executed. The crown of thistles she has refered to, after it saw Christ’s oppression proclaim that inclination is despised.

Updated Beliefs

Updated Beliefs When was the last time you updated your beliefs? It sounds like a strange question: after all, you believe what you believe because what you believe is true! But is it? It’s a question many people never ask themselves because, frankly, it’s far easier and more comfortable not to. The idea that we could be acting on faulty information, and maybe have done so for years, is a difficult pill to swallow. Even more difficult is the mind-bending process required to test what we think we know in order to gradually establish new, improved beliefs. The first step is to acknowledge that you may believe things that are untrue. It’s not an exaggeration to say that most people never make it past this step. Take a look around and note how many of your friends and family and coworkers still cleave to ideas about the world, about life, about themselves, which they learned or developed as children. From there, recognize that you may have ideas that are similarly incorrect or incomplete, and that there’s no easy way to tell whether your ‘big picture’ is missing something significant. The same applies to everyone. The next step is to separate yourself from your ideas. Part of why we cling to outdated notions is that they’re ours, and that they belong to us; are one with us. We can’t picture a world in which these potentially incorrect things are incorrect. It would be like growing up believing your cool uncle is a wonderful guy only to find out later in life that he’s a serial killer. Even with an abundance of evidence, this would be a troublesome mental leap to make because he’s your cool uncle; that’s your jumping-off point for all other data you assess on the subject. To extract yourself from a given belief, recognize that it’s just one among many possibilities. Then take a deep breath and prepare yourself to rebound if your belief turns out to be incorrect or is brought into serious question. Because on that day, at the moment when you find out that some treasured way of seeing the world is not supported by fact â€" or is no longer supported by fact, as is often the case â€" it’ll suck. And you’ll feel like an ass. And you’ll hate all the people who stumbled across this information before you did, because they might think they’re smarter than you, and they’re not. Then exhale. It’s all good. You can be smart and not know everything, and you can know a lot and still operate under the influence of flawed facts. In order to determine what’s factual and what’s wishful thinking, it’s best to derive information from multiple sources, and avoid heavily biased ones when possible (though it’s arguably impossible to remove all bias from the process). In general, everyone has reasons to want you to believe one thing over another, and you’ll need to identify sources of information that are supported by solid science, math, and mountains of historical evidence, rather than stern beliefs, gut feelings, emotional enthusiasm, or the like. Because while the latter is based on a biased point of view, the former is testable and changes as new data becomes available. That’s the information you’ll want to use when calibrating your beliefs. You can, of course, believe whatever you want after going through this process. Just understand that there’s a difference between beliefs built atop a foundation of factual evidence, and those perched astride junk information that’s popular because it’s shouted louder than other ideas or has the support of the majority. There’s never a bad time to reconsider what you know to be true. No belief should be safe from your investigation, and all should be regularly revisited. Consider conducting a regular internal review, to check and see if you’ve learned anything recently that might be in opposition to a belief you’ve held so long that it’s become personal dogma. Ideas about money, conspiracy theories, philosophies, spiritual beliefs, how society should operate, your own talents and skills and self-worth, are all worth revisiting from time-to-time. Only by establishing a habit of checking your own ideas can you be certain that at any given moment you’re making decisions based on the most up-to-date set of personal beliefs  available. “Updated Beliefs” is an excerpt from  Considerations.  Colin Wright is an  author, entrepreneur,  and minimalist  who travels to a new country every four months based on the votes of the  readers at his blog,  Exile Lifestyle.

World War Two The Eastern Front Part 2

Part 1 / Part 3 / WW2 / Origins of WW2 Barbarossa: The German Invasion of the USSR On the western front Hitler found himself at war with Britain. This wasn’t what he wanted: Hitler’s targets were Eastern Europe, to crush the communism state and give his German Empire lebensraum, not Britain, with whom he had hoped to negotiate a peace. But the Battle of Britain had failed, invasion looked impractical, and Britain was staying belligerent. Hitler had been planning a turn to the east even as he was planning the invasion of France which he hoped would allow full focus on the USSR, and spring 1941 became the focus. However, even at this late stage Hitler was delaying as he was completely confused by Britain, but it became apparent to the Nazi regime that Russia was interested in territorial expansion too, and wanted not just Finland, but Romanian territory (threatening the Romanian oil the Third Reich needed), and Britain was unable to re-open the western front any time soon. The stars seemed to have aligned for Hitler to stage a quick war in the east, bel ieving that the USSR was a rotten door that would collapse when kicked, and he could seize the vast resources and move the focus back to Britain without facing two fronts.br/>On December 5th 1940 an order went out: the USSR was to be attacked in May 1941 with Operation Barbarossa. The plan was for a three pronged invasion, taking Leningrad in the north, Moscow in the centre and Kiev in the South, with the Russian armies that stood in the way quickly surrounded and forced into a surrender, and the goal was to seize everything between Berlin and a line from the Volga to Archangel. There were objections from some commanders, but German success in France had convinced many that the Blitzkrieg was unstoppable, and optimistic planners believed this could be achieved against a poor Russian army in three months. Much like Napoleon two centuries before, the German army made no preparations for having to fight in the winter. Furthermore the German economy and resources were not solely dedicat ed to the war and to the crushing of the Soviets, as many troops had to be held back to hold other areas.To many in Germany, the Soviet army was in a bad state. Hitler had little useful intelligence on the Soviets, but he knew Stalin had purged the officer core, that the army had been embarrassed by Finland, and thought many of their tanks were out of date. He also had an estimate of the size of the Russian army, but this was hopelessly wrong. What he ignored was the massive resources of the full Soviet state, which Stalin would be able to mobilise. Equally, Stalin was ignoring every and all intelligence reports telling him that the Germans were coming, or at least misinterpreting dozens and dozens of hints. In fact Stalin seems to have been so surprised and oblivious to the attack that German commanders speaking after the war accused him of allowing it to draw the Germans in and break them inside Russia. The German Conquest of Eastern Europe There was a delay in launching Barbarossa from May to June 22nd which is often blamed on having to aid Mussolini, but the wet spring necessitated it. Nevertheless, despite the build-up of millions of men and their equipment, when the three Army Groups surged over the border they had the benefit of surprise. For the first few weeks the Germans poured forward, covering four hundred miles, and the Soviet armies were cut to shreds and forced to surrender en masse. Stalin himself was deeply shocked and suffered a mental crisis (or performed a piece of daring cunning, we don’t know), although he was able to resume control in early July and began the process of mobilising the Soviet Union to fight back. But Germany kept coming, and soon the western portion of the Red Army was soundly beaten: three million captured or killed, 15,000 tanks neutralised, and the Soviet commanders at the front panicking and failing. It looked liked the Soviet Union was collapsing as planned. The Soviets m assacred prisoners as they retreated rather than have the Germans ‘rescue’ them, while special squads dismantled and moved over a thousand factories eastwards to resume arms production.br/>With Army Group Centre having the most success and nearing Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union, Hitler made a decision that has been labelled fatal: he reassigned Centre’s resources to aid the other Groups, particularly South which had been slower. Hitler wanted to gain the maximum territory and resources, and this meant crushing Moscow and possibly accepting surrender when holding key regions. It also meant securing flanks, allowing foot soldiers to catch up, supplies to be bought up, and conquests consolidated. But this all needed time. Hitler may also have been worried about Napoleon’s single minded pursuit of Moscow.The pause was fiercely objected to by Centre’s commanders, who wanted to keep their drive going, but their tanks were wearing out and the paus e allowed infantry to arrive and begin to consolidate. The diversion allowed the encirclement of Kiev, and the capture of a vast number of Soviets. Nevertheless, the need to re-allocate reveals that the plan was not going smoothly, despite the successes. The Germans had several million men, but these could not deal with millions of prisoners, hold hundreds of square kilometres of territory and form a fighting force, while German resources could not maintain the tanks needed. In the North, at Leningrad, the Germans besieged a city of half a million troops and two and a half million civilians, but decided to let them starve to death rather than fight through the city. In addition, two million Soviet soldiers who had been rounded up and put in camps died, while special Nazi units were following the main army to execute a list of perceived enemies, both political and racial. The police and army joined in.By September many in the German army realised they were engaged in a war that may w ell have been beyond their resources, and they’d had little time to put roots down in the conquered lands before moving back. Hitler ordered Moscow taken in October in operation Typhoon, but something crucial had happened in Russia. Soviet intelligence had been able to brief Stalin that Japan, who was threatening the eastern half of the empire, had no plans to join Hitler in carving up the Soviet empire, and was focused on the US. And while Hitler had destroyed the western Soviet Army, now eastern forces were transferred freely to aid the west, and Moscow was stiffened. As the weather turned against the Germans – from rain to frost to snow - the Soviet defences hardened with new troops and commanders – such as Zhukov – who could do the job. Hitler’s forces still got to twenty miles from Moscow and many Russian’s fled (Stalin stayed put in a decision which galvanised defenders), but Germany’s planning caught up with them, and their lac k of winter equipment, including no antifreeze for the tanks or gloves for the soldiers, crippled them and the offensive was not just stopped by the Soviets, but pushed back.Hitler called a winter halt only on December 8th, when his troops had been stopped. Hitler and his senior commanders now argued, with the latter wanting to make strategic withdrawals to create a more defensible front, and the former banning any retreat. There were mass sackings, and with the cream of the German military command ejected Hitler appointed a man with far less ability to lead: himself. Barbarossa had made major gains and taken a vast area, but it had failed to defeat the Soviet Union, or even come close to the demands of its own plan. Moscow has been called the turning point of the war, and certainly some high ranking Nazis knew they had already lost because they could not fight the war of attrition the Eastern Front had become. Part 3.

San Francisco Earthquake Pictures

Competitive Analysis of Starbucks Free Essays

When would a firm choose to operate on a transnational basis? Under what circumstances would a firm use a localization strategy? When would an international strategy be employed? Support your answers with examples. Firms look to operate on a transnational basis primarily to penetrate into foreign markets and expand their business. After tasting success at home, several firms make investments to expand globally in order to attain market share and boost revenues. We will write a custom essay sample on Competitive Analysis of Starbucks or any similar topic only for you Order Now Transnational companies have coordinating and operation-controlling power in multiple countries, even if they do not own them. General Motors, Ford, and Wal-Mart are amongst the world’s largest transnational companies. Japan, North America, and Western Europe account for about three quarters of the world’s transnational companies. When operations go international, localization strategy takes center-stage for firms. Firms use a localization strategy when they counter differences in management styles and cultural practices. Localization strategy is used by firms to adapt and cater to the choices and expectations of foreign customers and quickly occupy new markets. McDonald for instance, which operates in 119 countries, is a good example of a company that maintains its global brand identity successfully by using a localization strategy to adapt to the tastes and temperaments of diverse cultures across the globe. In short, localization strategy helps a firm deliver a unique customer experience that exceeds geographical boundaries. An international strategy is employed by a firm to create value through core competency transfer to a foreign market in which native competitors are not equipped with those competencies. Typically, a firm comes up with an innovative product and introduces it into the foreign market. As the demand for the product increases, the firm begins to export the product. As foreign competitors start production, the firm starts production abroad. The firm then standardizes production and relocates it to countries with low cost production opportunities. Xerox and Proctor and Gamble are examples of companies that followed this model and implemented an international strategy. References: http://www. slideshare. net/clemaitre/tn-cs http://www. ibscdc. org/Case%20Studies/Abstracts/Strategy/Corporate%20Strategy/COS0043. htm http://classes. bus. oregonstate. edu/ba447/Gonzalez%20(Winter%2008)/BA%20447%20-%20day%201. ppt How do the 4 Ps of marketing differ in a global business environment? Give examples from your own organization or one you are familiar with. The 4 Ps of marketing, namely: product, price, placement, and promotion vary widely in a global business environment as firms attempt to get their marketing mix just right so that they sell the right products, at the right prices and places, using promotion methods that are most suitable. A global company like Coca-Cola for instance essentially creates a single product and tweaks it differently for different markets. The sugar and corn syrup formulas of Coca-Cola are packaged using the contour bottle design with the dynamic ribbon in different shapes and forms. Coca-Cola bottles in some countries come in standard beverage-bottle sizes of those countries, with wording in native language as well. The price of a Coca-Cola varies from market to market due to production costs, ingredient costs, delivery costs, expected profit margins, competition, and so on. Coca-Cola’s product placement varies from country to country based on how the company wants to offer competition in the targeted market. Vending machines are not common in all countries and in US for instance, Coca-Cola is sold by the pallet through warehouse stores; however, in countries like India, such an option does not apply. Coca-Cola has moved away from the idea of sending the same message across globally in the wake of its global promotion strategy failure. Coca-Cola uses customized promotional strategies and regional themes instead of universal ones in order to counter varied language and cultural barriers of the global market. References: http://www. thetimes100. co. uk/downloads/theory/marketing_mix_(price,_place,_promotion,_product). pdf http://www. stamfordonline. com. my/courses/dba/dba206/DBA%20206%20Week%2010%20 How to cite Competitive Analysis of Starbucks, Essay examples

Role Of Women In Things Fall Apart English Literature Essay free essay sample

In stating an African narrative, it is impossible to make so without adverting the adult females who take portion in many of the activities in a society. This is why different narratives bring out adult females and their functions in the society although the narratives may non be speaking about a adult female as the chief character. Thingss fall apart is no different in conveying out the function of the adult females in a traditional African scene. Womans play polar functions in Educational, Religious and Social attention in the book Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe. In Things autumn apart, adult females are featured as the chief kids s pedagogues. They do these by stating them narratives, learning them the moralss of socialising with other people and good behaviour particularly to the miss kid, aˆÂ ¦children Saturday around their female parent s cookery fire stating storiesaˆÂ ¦ , ( Achebe 25 ) . The kids are taught good values and ethical motives by their parents and in this instance, their female parents, who promote them to develop societal values and good interaction accomplishments. The adult female was regarded as an inferior object in the society but this did non turn her down from executing her social functions particularly that of being the pedagogue of the kids. The upbringing of a kid is what determines what the kid will be in the hereafter. In the Ibo community, the raising of a kid was entirely the function of the adult female who was supposed to do certain that the kid was good familiar with the imposts and regulations of the society. The cognition of the social norms was all of importance to the female parent as she needed to educate the kids about them. This was to avoid state of affairss where the kid would be in problem for disgracing the extremely regarded goddesses or leaders of the community which would be a shame to the household particularly the male parent who would set the incrimination on the female parent and perchance crush her. Therefore, in a society which is dominated by work forces, the adult female had to be really careful about the repute the adult male would hold in the society if certain unfortunate things happened may be from the behaviour of the kids or herself which is the ground why female parent instruction to the kids was of import. The adult female s repute depended on that of the adult male which was of import for the adult female to protect. The adult females were besides involved in spiritual affairs and this can be presented in assorted ways. The adult females belonged to the faith of Ibo. They on a regular basis played the portion of the priestess. In the early yearss, a adult female by the name of Chika is seen as a priestess. She is the former priestess of the prophet during Unoka s clip. This adult female was really powerful and respected by the people ( Achebe 17 ) . Thus she portrays the function of adult females in spiritual affairs. Presently, Chielo is the priestess who is besides the hill s and caves prophet, She was the priestess of Agbala, the Oracle of the Hills and the caves, ( Achebe 35 ) . In other words, adult females are seen taking a great portion in faith in the community, for case, as priestesses. The adult female is seen to hold a batch of spiritual power. This is apparent when Chielo, a spiritual adult female, orders and threatens Okonkwo to give up himself and his girl to Agbala who wished to see her. After she warns him, Okonkwo gives in to the thought. Womans in this instance are seen as powerful religious leaders who can warn and order their followings in order to make the right thing that is expected of them by the faith and in this instance in the society of Ibo. Ani was the goddess of the Earth. She was responsible for doing certain that the society observed the right behavior and ethical motives. Ani worked closely with the dead kin members who had their organic structures committed to the Earth ( Achebe 36 ) . The community besides believed that they had to honour the Earth goddess for approvals in order to hold their yam harvests grow. This was done by the members of the kin who had to purely detect the peace hebdomad before the crops ( Achebe 30 ) . The adult female is seen to hold such great religious power, award and regard which are good to the society and which must be respected in order for something good to go on like plenty crops. The kin members are greatly worried about holding such small crops when the peace of the Earth goddess, Ani, is broken by Okonkwo when he battered his married woman. Wife banging was non allowed on the peace hebdomad ( Achebe 30 ) . The adult females were besides involved in work outing jobs of a societal nature. The female parent acts as the comfort non merely to kids but besides to other work forces who have jobs. The work force consisted of a batch of adult females. They performed many strenuous undertakings that were merely separated for them and that work forces could non execute. Painting of Egwugwu s house was done by adult females ( 84 ) .They were besides supposed to entertain the kids at all times and do them turn in an artistic mode ( EmenyoI?nu and Uko 178 ) . The adult female is seen as a powerful object that is able to promote people when experiencing low and demotivated. When the work forces face some societal jobs like disregard, the adult female acts to promote them. Therefore, it is said that the female parent is a superior being who does non abandon her kids in all state of affairss in life, for case Okonkwo who is rejected after killing the boy of Ezeudu. It is believed that a male kid is his male parent s merely when life seems to be fluxing good but when in problem, it his female parent s. This is better depicted by the uncle of Okonkwo who so persuades him to travel back to his female parent as she will accept him at all state of affairss. Despite all this the female parent does non judge or know apart them. The adult female is considered to be the forgiving and understanding being who can neer reject or look down upon anyone and who will supply aid whenever she can. This is a really of import function. There are two matrimonies that are talked about that the author uses them to demo the significance of holding a adult female in the Igbo society. They are the shapers of a place, the prospecting female parents, and people who help work forces in certain undertakings. In any man-woman relationship, kids are the most of import and valuable gifts that they can be given which is non different in this community where the adult female is considered as an of import portion of the household bearing procedure ( EmenyoI?nu and Uko 176 ) . Although in an indirect mode, the importance of a adult female and in this instance, the first married woman in the Ibo society is portrayed in a jubilation held at the Obi of Nwakibie whereby the other married womans are non allowed to imbibe vino before her reaching ( Achebe 22 ) . The first married woman is therefore shown particular regard and acknowledgment in the Ibo community. The name Agbala in the Ibo community means a adult female or a rubric less adult male. In his early childhood, Okonkwo felt disrespected when called the name Agbala as the equals were badgering him and more so his male parent who was seen as a doormat. This truly tormented him and made him go obsessed with consideration of societal position above everything else. Okonkwo struggled so much neer to be associated with anything weak as anything weak was likened to a adult female and frailty versa. Nwoye who is the boy of Okonkwo from his first married woman is besides insulted by being viewed as woman-like merely because Okonkwo is reminded of his male parent when he sees him. In this context we see the adult female being looked down upon by the whole Ibo community as a weak being. The work forces who are non brave and violent are besides seen to be every bit weak as adult females intending that the society s perceptual experience of adult females is that of a individual who is non stron g and is weak ( Whittaker and Msiska 64 ) . The adult female is by and large looked down upon. We see Okonkwo being punished for interrupting the peace of the Earth goddess but non for buttering his married woman. To them married woman pantry is non a offense as harmonizing to the society, the adult female is merely at that place to give birth, to execute house jobs and cook for the hubby and besides to be beaten. This is merely how barbarous the adult male is ( Whittaker and Msiska 65 ) . The narrative was written in the times when the merely of import being in the society was seen as the adult male and non the adult female. The kids who turned out to be scandalous to the society were all demeaned and likened to a adult female. To add to this, the adult female would be blamed for hapless upbringing of the kids as that was entirely considered as her function ( Okpewho 34 ) . The narrative nevertheless shows some regard for few female figures that seem to be really important to the society, for case, the adult females religious leaders. The regard shown to them is non because they are adult females but because the society demands that they be respected for their of import functions in godly intercession. The adult females besides show strong leading, power and art in their work ( Okoye 45 ) . Although the adult female is non the chief character in this narrative, it is clear that she plays a large function and can non be ignored when speaking about the narrative. The functions discussed above show clearly that the adult female plays a polar function in Educational, Religious and Social issues.

Being Lazy Means You’re Intelligentâ€According to Science

Being Lazy Means You’re Intelligent- According to Science According to a new study, brainy people tend to spend more time being chill than their less-intelligent, but more active counterparts- mostly because they have a higher IQ, get bored less and are thus more likely to be comfortable getting lost in thought. Active people, on the other hand, need constant activity to keep themselves stimulated, as they are more easily bored. Florida Gulf University gave a test to a group of students, asking them to rate how strongly they agreed with statements about engagement with tasks and problems, and from this, were able to select 30 â€Å"thinkers† and 30 â€Å"non-thinkers† from their pool.The 60 subjects then wore a movement/activity tracking device on their wrists for the next week, giving researchers a constant stream of data about their physical habits. Their findings, described as â€Å"highly significant† and â€Å"robust† in statistical terms, showed that the â€Å"thinkers† were far less active during th e week than their â€Å"non-thinker† counterparts. The weekends, strangely, were about the same.It may actually be beneficial, then, to spend an extra hour or two in bed thinking through tasks and schedules, revisiting and reimagining your goals. Your daydreaming might be twice as generative as a non-thinker’s doing.There’s a danger, of course, to less active people- no matter how brainy- and that is the danger of the sedentary lifestyle. So if you think you might be a â€Å"thinker,† and relishing those quiet moments lost in thought, you might also want to make a point of exercising enough. Just to make sure you stay healthy and nourish your body- not just your brain.In addition to this, you should also consider finding a job that is compatible with your personality. The sooner you find a job that you enjoy, the happier you will be, regardless of how intelligent or lazy you are.

Sentence Auction Grammar Game

Sentence Auction Grammar Game Holding Sentence Auctions is a fun way to help students review key points in grammar and sentence construction while having some good fun. Basically, students in small groups are given some money with which to bid on various sentences. These sentences include correct and incorrect sentences, the group which buys the most correct sentences wins the game. Sentence Auctions ESL Activity Aim: Review grammar and sentence structure while having funLevel: Intermediate/Advanced Outline Divide the class into small groups of 3 or 4 students per group.Talk about auctions: Do the students know what they are? Can they describe an auction? Have they every been to an auction?, etc.Explain the rules of this auction.The aim of the game is to buy as many correct sentences as possibleEach group will have $3000 to spendBids begin at $200Bids increase by $100 each bidThe sentence will be sold to the highest bidder (remember? $400 going once, $400 going twice, $400 sold to group X!)The winner of the game is the group which has bought the most correct sentencesYou can make the auction more difficult by declaring the winner based on the number of correct sentences minus the number of incorrect sentences (5 correct sentences minus 3 incorrect two correct sentences)Once the game has finished, go through each sentence saying whether it is correct or incorrect.Have a fun celebration of the winning team!After things have calmed down, go through each sentence explaining any grammar / u sage questions that arise. Sentence Auction Decide which sentences you would like to buy! Collect correct masterpieces! Watch out for incorrect fakes! The film is so an interesting adaptation of the novel that I highly recommend it.If she had stayed in a better hotel, she would have enjoyed her vacation.Not only should he study more, but also should he get more sleep.I would really like to know whether she plans on joining our group.John is a very horrible judge of character.Look at those dark clouds on the horizon! Itll rain before long.When I stopped to talk to Mary, she was picking some flowers in her garden.Our family would go to the park every Sunday when we lived in London.If he were in charge of the department, he would improve staff communication.They had finished their work by the time we arrived.Jack cant have been at home, he told me he was going to be at work.Did you remember locking the door?Ill finish my homework by the time you get back.The number of smokers have been dropping steadily for twenty years.

Civil rights Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Civil rights - Term Paper Example You get an ensurity to get involve in political and civil life. These civil rights are made for safety and ensuring the physical integrity of the person like. Beside all these facts these rights protects you from many discriminations like gender, race, nationality, age, speech, mental or physical disability and many more things. By origin civil rights are the major part of global Human Rights. These civil rights are enforceable rights and they are entertained by other people also. This right can be use when you have to take some action against an injury. Some common examples of civil rights are freedom to speech, right to vote, right to equality in public places, press, freedom from involuntary servitude and many more. Example of civil rights: The famous example of civil rights in America is â€Å"civil right act of 1964†. This civil right act was the unique mark of legislation in United States. This act is used to outlaw segregation in schools, employment places and also the public places. This civil right was first conceived to aid African Americans. In this act people also raised their voices to protect women including white people also (George H. Rutland, 2001). Role of FBI agencies in protecting civil rights: A FBI agency is made to do investigation the violation of national law of civil rights. The FBI do his duty seriously because if there is any violation in the civil laws and if any person among us looses any right then the freedom of all of us will be drawn towards danger. Activities of US commissions for enhancing civil rights: US commissions is also doing a regular work on civil rights. The main aim of US commission is to do investigation of complains that are made by people. These complaints are made because many people’s are deprived because of their voting rights on the basis of their race, religion, color, sex, citizenship, age. These complaints are taken by US commissions and then a proper action is taken to solve the problems of a common people. Center of civil rights (CRS): CRC stands for Civil Right Center. This center of civil rights is for the enforcement and administration of different Federal statues, executive orders, regulations which are related to both equal and nondiscrimination opportunities. These three laws based on equal opportunity are: 1. A forbid discrimination based on disability. This law can be specified by different public entities like local and state government. It is also enriched with the programs organized and activated by DOL. 2. A forbid discrimination on different basis of programs and activities. This also receives a financial assistance from DOL or work investment act. 3. The discrimination of forbid employment within the DOL (George H. Rutland, 2001). Benefits of EEOC in civil rights: The civil right of EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) is very much popular. This civil right holds the responsibility that every employee or job applicant must receive equal employm ent without introducing the thoughts of religion, race, sex, color, age, nationality and disability. According to this civil right discriminating against any employee is also illegal. And if any person faces this situation then he can complaint for this and you can be fined heavily for this or have to face a lawsuit. This is a very strong civil right and because of this right people in America are working equally and are enjoying equal payments. Political book: According to political book of America civil rights are considered as normal rights of human

MHE503 Survey of Emergency and Disaster Mgt Module 3 Case Essay

MHE503 Survey of Emergency and Disaster Mgt Module 3 Case - Essay Example The difference was particularly set through the existence of SDOF or Single Degree of Freedom which is a system used to prepare structures for upcoming possibilities of seismic activities from the earth's ground. In Kobe Japan, the preparation has been focused upon the evacuation of the people.1 Practically, they failed to see through the ten-fold preparation even before tragedies occur. Meanwhile, the Northridge Earthquake in California has created a more sophisticated process of saving the buildings even before the tragedy took place. 2This is one particular difference in the occurrence of earthquake control between the two places in consideration herein. Basically, preparing buildings for their capacity of facing tragedies such as earthquakes could be a huge matter of consideration to avoid bigger levels of tragedies from happening.3 On the part of the buildings in Northridge California, it has been reported that the four structures present in the area had been further examined for their capabilities of facing possible tragedies and were noted to have the following rate of integrity in facing seismic activities in the ground. The levels of integrity had been presented as follows: As seen from this particular figure, the level of isolation that the building has in terms of facing seismic activities in the area could be considered really stro... e tragedy, something that has not been given careful attention to by the administrators in the KOBE Earthquake control before occurrence of the tragedy in consideration. 2. Describe important components to include in a mitigation strategy for managing earthquake risk. As resulted from the research and study considered in this paper, it could be considered that preparation on the part of the builders of the structures is a very important matter to give attention to. Through this practical pre-emptive process, the tragedies that could happen during earthquakes could be well controlled and managed. It could be noted that through the different preparatory procedures taken into serious consideration by the administrators of the structural building approaches, the possible chances of tragedies occurring in the future could be taken away from the level of worries that masks the modern buildings and the towering heights of the structures in the modern community of human society today. With this precaution taken into consideration, millions of lives and properties could be saved from devastation. From this point of discussion, it could be realized how the different options of mitigation could be given careful attention through taking precautionary steps years before the possible occurrence of tragedies and accidents especially involving structures and buildings. Today, especially with the utilization of modern technology, structural arrangements used to practically create measures of protection and preparation could be easily given attention to, allowing chances of being saved from tragic ends of natural disasters a better choice for most people living within the area where the event is concentrated. References: BCJ (Building Center of Japan), 1997, "Menshin Kozou

The impact of an economic recession

The impact of an economic recession Abstract Purpose The aim of this report is to evaluate the impact of an economic recession on the current tendering practices of UK contractors. Design/methodology/approach An extensive literature review of the topic was undertaken to form the research hypothesis and a number of research questions. This was further developed through two interviews with industry specialists which formed the basis for cognitive mapping which when mapped can then assist in forming a questionnaire. A pilot study was conducted and upon receiving positive feedback the questionnaire survey was completed. Key findings The results show that clients and contractors are reverting back to type and that the advances made by the Latham and Egan reports has stalled as price has become more important than quality once again. Public sector contracts have been observed to offer considerable opportunities for contractors as the client has a triple A rating and the projects are typically long term which can help contractors to survive the recession. Implication for practice The construction industry cannot obstruct change but needs to embrace it and adopt and improve existing practices which can benefit all the stakeholders. Comparable to the Latham and Egan reports, a new report needs to be completed which can aid the construction industry so that the effects of this recession are felt for the shortest time possible. Originality/value The literature review and cognitive mapping provide a detailed insight into the topic but due to time constraints the quantitative analysis does not contain an adequate amount of responses to be relied upon. 1. Introduction The construction industry is constantly evolving as a result of; a levelling of the trade cycle, methods of placing contracts, increased emphasis on quality, experience and innovations, increased competition among firms and a change in clients buying behaviour (Yisa, Ndekugri Ambrose, 1996). In addition to the changing attitudes of clients in construction which was promoted by the Latham and Egan reports the economic climate has brought additional difficulties to the industry. Clients have become more advanced and are continually seeking improvements within the industry to meet there needs. They have also realised that during difficult times, they can use their dominance to acquire a better deal (Woods Ellis, 2005, pp.321). This report presents a study aimed at evaluating the impact of an economic recession on current tendering practices of UK contractors. The hypothesis of this research is; That the construction industry has adapted and improved in the last number of decades but will have to continue to do so in the face of new challenges. The research questions include; What are the main factors considered by contractors when deciding to tender and how does an economic recession alter these? e.g. Below cost tendering. How can lean construction, partnering and supply chain integration be used in construction to add value? How has a change in procurement methods been used to improve tendering practices in construction? It was decided to combine qualitative and quantitative research methods in order to receive a greater understanding of the topic. The approach employed is that qualitative research facilitates quantitative research by providing a hypothesis or assists measurement by suggesting questions (Oyedele, 2009). The hypothesis was established through reading relevant journals and this was developed further through carrying out two interviews which when mapped assisted in forming a questionnaire. This questionnaire was completed by a number of industry personnel in order to facilitate further analysis through factor analysis which followed on to regression analysis. The report provides a detailed analysis of relevant literature aswell as two detailed interviews with industry specialists. Due to time constraint however the quantitative analysis was limited to fewer questionnaires than would have been liked so the results are helpful but not to the standard that would be required for this report to be become significant to industry. A future quantitative analysis is recommended in order to make use of the work to date and complete the research. 2. Literature Review 2.1 Tendering Practices The construction industry has evolved greatly in the last number of decades and this has been mostly due to changes in the economy and how the construction industry and others viewed it. There was an obvious need for change following previous recessions and a common agreement that the industry was failing to meet all the stakeholders needs. 2.1.1 Construction Industry Reports The different reports which have been published in an attempt to improve the construction industry and consequently tendering practices are discussed by Cooke Williams and shown below in Figure 2.1. (Cooke Willams, 2009, pp.5). Naoum (2003, pp.72) highlights the Egan report which was published in 1998 and how it compares the construction industry to that of the 1960s manufacturing industry. This theme of the construction industry lagging behind its industry counterpart is evident in not only tendering practices but many other aspects (Emmitt Jorgensen, 2008). Lathams (1994) main focus was that there needs to be a win-win mentality between the client and the contractor whereas Egan (1998) focused on how quality and efficiency could be improved within the industry. This led to a more client focused approach which Oyedele Tham (2005, pp.53) feel aided in creating a more integrated process within construction. 2.1.2 Changing Client in Construction Awareness and competition between contractors has allowed the client to become more advanced and to seek improvements within the industry to meet there needs (Yisa, Ndekugri Ambrose 1996, pp.51). The client has realised that during difficult times, they can use their dominance to acquire a better deal (Woods Ellis, 2005, pp.321). The largest client for the construction industry at present is undoubtedly the public sector and this is discussed by RICS in their third quarter report for 2009 when they use the headline, Public sector workloads continue to support construction activity, (RICS, 2009). This fact was also noted by Naoum in 2003 when she noted that despite a decline in public spending the public sector was still the largest client, (Naoum, 2003). The changing face of the client can be traced back to the early 80s where there was a rapid privatization of government bodies such as the NHS, prison services, water services, schools, etc, (Yisa, Ndekugri Ambrose, 1996, pp.54). These clients sought further changes in tendering practices as their emphasis was on speed, value based services and cost-time-quality performance and a move towards partnering (Langford Fellows, 1993). 2.1.3 Current Tendering Practices (Edum-Fotwe McCaffer, 1999) discuss how tendering has transformed from the 1960s whereby private and public jobs were awarded solely on competitive tendering to a situation whereby a variety of issues are evaluated. There has been an industry wide shift from lowest price wins mentality to a multi criteria selection. Naoum (2003, pp.72) goes into further detail by outlining the disadvantages of using price-based competitive tendering. The traditional forms of contract have been adapted (JCT 98 standard form JCT 2005) to accommodate change in the industry but the Latham report regarded the NEC contract as having the best potential for achieving a positive outcome for all the stakeholders, (Cooke Willams, 2009, pp.7). The change in procurement methods are shown in the late 90s in Figure 2.3 (Yisa, Ndekugri Ambrose, 1996, pp.55). This change can be contributed to the need for a more integrated and less fragmented approach as the main contractor is managing both the design and construction activities and can promote contractor led innovation. Risk, which is increasingly important in a recession is being shifted away from the client and towards the contractor under Design Build and Private Finance Initiatives. 2.1.4 Decision to Tender A contractors decision to tender can greatly affect their balance sheet at the end of a year. Projects are becoming more expensive and time consuming to tender for and the factors which need to be considered are highlighted in Figure 2.4 (Cooke Willams, 2009, pp83-86). Hughes (2004) found that the average contractor will spend 3% of turnover on winning work. He also suggets that traditional competitive tendering is much more expensive than design and build as there is considerably more competition and a lower success rate. Walwork (1999) argues that there is equal importance between right project and right price in order to make a profit. Kometa et al, (1996, pp.273) evaluate the need for the clients financial stability to be discussed in greater detail. They draw attention to the risk of late payments or client insolvency. This point is highlighted by Shepherd (2009) when he states in a correspondence that; Undertaking such large tenders, where procurement costs are north of  £5m, takes a lot of thought and consideration. The client will have to show, for example, that they are organised and appear to be an efficient procurement authority. In a recession we will become a more discerning bidder as cash is tighter and projects more sought after. Happy to discuss more as is fit. Cheers, Andrew. 2.1.5 Below Cost Tendering Whitten (2009) writing for Construction News explained how The Civil Engineering Contractors Association has warned of an emerging trend of firms pricing below cost. They believe that for some organizations it is a matter of short term survival but that if it continues there will be an increase in disputes and a decline in investment in training and technology. Client and contractor relations have significantly improved in the last ten years but; will be stretched to breaking point if we see clients take advantage of the recession and of declining workloads to push for bargain base ­ment prices. Both Whitten (2009) and Scully (2009) argue the point that below cost tendering is unsustainable and will increase the risk of contractors facing insolvency. Reductions in material and plant costs have been exceeded by the drop in tender prices. Insolvencies are predicted to occur firstly among contractors who tender correctly but fail to win the contract and then among those who win the contract with unsustainably low bids (Whitten, 2009). 2.2 Impact of an Economic Recession on the Construction Industry A recession impacts on every sector but none more so than the construction industry as it is relies on large capital expenditure for its lifeblood. This results in a reduction in the number of projects along with an increase in the cost of borrowing to repay loans and pay wages (Ren Lin, 1996). RICS reported recently on their website (1st October 2009) that tender prices for new construction work will not rise until 2011 and that pre-recession levels wont be seen in the next five years. It was noted that if public spending was cut it would have a detrimental effect on the construction industry. 2.2.1 Economic Recession in Construction A recession can be caused by many factors but the underlying reason is high inflation. The construction industry is labour intensive and owing to unions demands for higher wages through government agreements, wages do not increase due to demand but social factors and move in one direction. This is the main cause of inflation in construction costs. Ren Lin (1996) illustrate this relationship in Figure 3.1.1 for the last recession of the late 80s and early 90s. The UK Governments policy has been to provide a fiscal stimulus by increasing spending on large public projects so as to inject money into the economy which will filter down through all sectors (McFall, 2008). Green (2009) forecasted that the recession will match up to the recession of the late 80s and early 90s but that it will recover quicker. Once again public spending is the underlining reason for the upturn but it is questioned whether the continuous spending can be sustained. The logical relation between high inflation which causes a rise in borrowing costs and a reduction in construction investment and thus a fall in the construction cycle is shown below in Figure 3.1.2 (Ren Lin 1996). 2.2.2 Lean Construction Supply Chain Integration Lean construction is an adaptation of lean industry which is used aggressively by large car manufacturers to great affect (Emmitt Jorgensen 2008). It is particularly relevant in a recession as it can be used at every stage and its main focus is to eliminate waste from the production life cycle so that value is added to each process, leading to lower costs, shorter construction periods and greater profits (Cartlidge, 2002). It is shown below in Figure 3.2 how lean construction can be applied to different sectors of the construction industry (Cooke Willams, 2009, pp.105). Lean construction benefits tendering as it promotes innovation and off-site production which reduces over all costs and provides increased quality to the client. Practices such as downsizing, out-sourcing, de-layering and re-engineering have been widely used within both construction companys and specific projects (Thorpe et. al., 1998). The use of sub contractors has increased as there is less overheads involved (Langford Male, 1992). The benefits of partnering can be applied to co-contracting (main contractor-sub contractor) and supply chain integration (contractor-supplier), (Edum-Fotwe McCaffer, 1999). This allows greater flexibility as both partners are working for a common goal and greater economies of scale can be achieved when tendering as contractors will have their own list of preferred suppliers or sub contractors which allows them to price new projects quickly and efficiently. As suppliers account for such a high percentage of building costs their involvement at an early stage should be welcomed as they can contribute new ideas, products or processes (Cartlidge, 2002). Green May (2005) propose that three models can be applied to the adoption of lean in construction: a lean model of waste elimination, partnering and structuring the context. 2.2.3 Partnering in Tendering Partnering has been widely adopted in tendering in the last number of years as it offers the opportunity for improving the project outcome aswell as benefiting the whole supply chain (Dozzi et al., 1996; Larson and Drexler, 1997). It utilizes each participants expertise and resources so that the required business objectives can be met or exceeded (Bennett Jayes, 1998). Cooke Williams (2009, pp.45) highlight the crucial elements of partnering which are reproduced in Figure 3.3 and they note that without all these elements, it is not partnering but merely an alliance. Partnering follows on from the previous sections as continuous improvement is achieved through lean construction, innovation and learning, problem resolution is promoted through use of the NEC3 contract and finally mutual objectives relates to a contractors decision to tender which is extremely important so that the appropiate parties are working together. The benefits to construction companies is that they can share the risk of tendering with another company who may otherwise be tendering against them and have expertise in a certain area which would otherwise have to be paid for. As highlighted previously, future spending in construction is heavily reliant on the public sector which following the Latham and Egan reports is trying to adopt a team-building approach which promotes partnering. Due to the economic recession in UK construction, companies have been using partnering to expand into global markets which have not been as widely affected. In a bid to reduce risk most companies form local partnerships so as to utilize local knowledge as well as reducing the costs associated with labour transfers (Edum-Fotwe McCaffer, 1999). While a more open relationship now exists between the different participants of a construction project Wood Ellis (2005, pp.324) estimate that it will still be some time before a fully genuine relationship exists as there is an engrained culture of mistrust and deception. Successful partnerships offer the opportunity for repeat work but the client must be assured that tenders remain competitive within the relationship of trust. 2.2.4 Strategic Tendering Project Mix Strategic tendering and project mix become even more crucial to a companies success during times of a recession. As the private sector feels the impact of a recession firstly and for a slightly longer period it is in a companys long term interest to carry out a more aggressive bidding policy towards the public sector (Ren Lin, 1996). Another advantage of the public sector is its transparency and openness during the tender stage. While the public sector may be susceptible to mal-practice, construction companies know that they will be impartially assessed and receive feedback under new regulations (Statutotory Instrument, 2006). Strategic planning can be very beneficial as it seeks to align a company in a certain direction. In todays climate contractors need to evalute the client when deciding to tender as many contractors have commenced work on a project only to instructed to withdraw as the funding has been restricted (Edum-Fotwe McCaffer, 1999). A number of contractors have also begun to take on jobs at cost or even a loss in an effort to win work with the chance of repeat work. Also this keeps the company name in circulation and also to hold onto valued staff that might otherwise have to be made redundant. Shepherd, the bid manager for Building Schools for the Future (BSF) is of the opinion that; Large procurement projects, such as BSF, lose some of the benefits of group procurement by being so expensive to procure. This creates a barrier to entry, which in some ways may affect the value in the procurement. The flip side is that for a contractor, you know you will be involved in a procurement process where you have a realistic chance of winning and that your scale delivers value. 2.2.5 Innovation Learning in Construction One of the most revolutionary changes in tendering has been the use of e-tendering which has been used most notably on the multibillion pound development for the Olympic Games in London 2012. Innovation in tendering can offer many advantages as it provide substantial resource savings to a major part of the supply chain, with the key benefits being enhanced communication, time savings and reduced costs (Stephenson Tindsley, 2008). IT has aided smaller companies in allowing them to compete with their larger counterparts in certain areas. Thorpe et. all (1998) argue that construction has yet to receive the full benefit of IT advancements compared to other industries. Due to the competitive culture in the construction industry, up until recently there has been a lack of organisational learning which promotes the sharing of knowledge and experiences between companies (Barlow Jashapara, 1998). There has been very little research into organisational learning but Poyner and Powells (1995) report emphasised its importance in providing competitive advantage which is especially relevant in an economic recession. 3. Research Methodology The research objective is to evaluate the impact of an economic recession on the current tendering practices of UK contractors. In order to receive a greater understanding of the topic we are combining qualitative and quantitative research methods. The approach employed is that qualitative research facilitates quantitative research by providing a hypothesis or assists measurement by suggesting questions (Oyedele, 2009). The research hypothesis was established through reading relevant journals and this was developed further through carrying out two interviews with industry specialists which when mapped can then assist in forming a questionnaire. A pilot study was conducted and upon receiving positive feedback the questionnaire survey was completed. Figure 3.1 Research Methodology. The literature review was sourced in the Queens, university library from textbooks, databases, journals, magazines and the internet. This source was particularly valuable as it allowed the author gain instant access to a vast array of websites, on-line articles, publications, current news etc. 3.1 Unstructured Interview Following on from the previous chapter, two unstructured interviews were completed by industry specialists. The main aim is to develop a greater understanding of the subject in addition to the literature review and to stumble upon any differences between the two. This type of interview has no set format beyond the opening question but the interviewer may have some key questions which they can use to keep the interviewee on the topic. The interviewer is receptive to the interviewees responses and the interview follows a conversational style. Both interviewees are employed by the largest privately owned construction company in the UK with offices also in India, Australia and the United Arab Emirates. The company has an integrated capability thus allowing a holistic view of construction. The first interviewee is a project manager who has experience of tendering with Lagan and Farran construction and is currently working alongside NIW on a large PFI project valued at approximately  £130 million. The second interviewee is a bid manager for on the building schools for the future framework (BSF). He is leading a team on a project worth over  £1 billion with a budget of  £5.6 million. 3.2 Qualitative Research Cognitive Mapping Yin (1989) observes that in qualitative research the broadest question should be stated so that data can be drawn from a number of sources such as: archival records, direct observation, documents, interviews, participant observation and physical artefacts. Qualitative research is any kind of research that produces findings not arrived at by means of statistical procedures or other means of quantification (Strauss and Corbin, 1990). The interviews form the basis for the cognitive mapping and allow a greater understanding of the subject. 3.3 Quantitative Research Questionnaire Survey Creswell (2003) explained quantitative research methods are used to test or verify theories or explanations identify variables to study, relate variables in questions or hypotheses use statistical standards of validity and reliability, and employ statistical procedures for analysis. The next step was to formulate a preliminary questionnaire based on the main topics raised in the literature review and interviews and this was used to conduct a pilot study. Slight modifications were made following the pilot study and a final questionnaire was produced which contains thirty eight factors that can be considered as significant in impacting on the tendering practices of UK contractors. In the questionnaire, the rating of the factors was done on a five point scale ranging from 1 to 5, where 1 represents strongly disagree, and 5 represents strongly agree. Respondents who had no opinion concerning the factors could select the answer of indifferent. The third section of the questionnaire will be used in our regression analysis and it involves establishing a relationship between the different factors of our analysis. The final section allows respondents to write additional comments on any outstanding issues which had not been brought up in the questionnaire but which they felt were important. A total of forty one respondents replied to the questionnaire and despite this being lower than was wished, due to time constraints the statistical analysis had to be completed nonetheless. Shown below in Table 3.1 are the total number of respondents and a breakdown of their characteristics. 4. Qualitative Results and Analysis Cognitive Mapping Cognitive mapping allows the analysis of large amounts of qualitative information and can be used to structure messy or complex data for problem solving. It is especially useful as a note taking method during interviews and assisting the process by increasing the understanding of the subject (Ackermann et al., 1992). Decision explorer is a tool which allows relationships to be pictured relating to a subject. Data entry is provided using concepts, which capture the core aspects of a notion. The concepts are then linked to show the relationship and factors of importance between ideas (Brightman, 2002). Figure 3.1 shows the three methods which can be used to question where a concept is leading towards. For the purpose of this analysis the method Action Outcome was utilized as it was felt that it is best suited to exploring the subject and discovering the goals/outcomes. Once completed, debate and reflection can then follow on the most important factors which have been established. 4.4 Analysis Discussion Using the maps in the previous section the main factors can be discussed and their influence on other concepts. 4.4.1 Central Concepts Analysis Central analysis reveals the concepts that have been linked the most times with other concepts and means that the concepts listed below have the greatest influence on the analysis. A central analysis was conducted and the following top five concepts were revealed: Change in Contractor Client Attitudes 20 from 39 Concepts. Contractors Using below Cost Tendering 19 from 35 Concepts. To Remain Lean and Competitive During the Recession 15 from 31 Concepts. Economic Recession 14 from 32 Concepts. Increased Likelihood of Repeat Work 14 from 29 Concepts All these top five concepts are directly related as the economic recession and change in attitudes has resulted in contractors using below cost tendering and lean construction to remain competitive during the recession with the increased likelihood of repeat work. The main issue/driver mentioned in the interviews was the economic recession which as stated in my literature review impacts severely on the construction industry as there is a reduction in the number of projects along with the cost of borrowing to repay loans and pay wages increasing (Ren Lin, 1996). This logical relation was explained in my literature review and is illustrated in Figure 4.1. The change in attitudes from both the contractor and client was also discussed with Latham (1994) trying to adopt a win-win mentality and Egan (1998) focusing on improving quality and efficiency and creating a movement for change. This change from the 1960s mentality whereby private and public jobs were awarded solely on competitive tendering to a situation whereby a variety of issues are evaluated (Edum-Fotwe McCaffer, 1999) has put additional pressure on contractors forcing them to retain quality and project time but reduce their tenders to below cost if necessary. Clients are having a greater participation and have requested a less fragmented approach which has resulted in a change of contracts to a more frequent use of design and build (Yisa, Ndekugri and Ambrose, 1996). Interviewee No.2 feels that clients are manipulating the current climate in order to get the same quality of work done cheaper whereas Interviewee No.1 is of the opinion that it is the contractors who are quick to adopt below cost tendering in an effort to hold onto staff as other projects are completed. The concept of remaining lean and competitive during the recession is extremely important and is discussed in great detail in my literature review. Cartlidge (2002) describes how lean construction eliminates waste so that value is added to each process, leading to lower costs, shorter construction periods and greater profits. The concept of leanness incorporates reduced bid frequency as overheads need to be reduced. Walwork (1999) and Interviewee No.1 both stress the need for contractors to select the right project which will then give a greater chance of success. Innovation can reduce costs through organizational learning (Barlow and Jashapara, 1998) but both interviewees felt that as overheads need to be reduced innovation should come from your supply chain which have budgets for research and development. As discussed in my literature review suppliers involvement should be welcomed at an early stage so that they can contribute new ideas, products, or processes (Cartlidge, 2002). Increased likelihood of repeat work was felt by Interviewee No.1 to come through partnering which allows a greater outcome for the whole supply chain (Dozzi et al., 1996; Larson and Drexler, 1997). A better outcome is achieved as the required business objectives can be met or exceeded (Bennett Jayes, 1998). Interviewee No.2 felt that early involvement with the client allowed links to be established thus leading onto repeat work. 4.4.2 Domain Concepts Analysis The domain analysis counts the highest number of links in and out of a concept and establishes connections with other issues within its immediate domain. It analyses local complexity but fails to examine the wider context of the subject. A domain analysis was conducted and the following top five concepts were revealed: 8 Links around 1 Change in contractor client attitudes 2 Contractors using below cost tendering 6 Links around 3 Increased public spending 4 Partnering and increased communication 5 To remain lean and competitive during the recession The previous central results determined the concepts with the greatest influence on the entire map and therefore it follows that these should have the highest number of links. Changes in attitudes, below cost tendering and lean construction were central to my literature review and interviews and this is why they have been highlighted here. The drivers for change are changing attitudes and below cost tendering with lean construction providing a number of strategies to improve through off-site manufacturing, innovative design and assembly, pre-fabrication, supply chain integration and pre-assembly (Cooke and Williams, 2009). The governments policy of increased public spending was noted by both interviewees and McFall (2008) in my literature review as offering a company strategy to survive the economic recession. RICS (1st October 2009) reported that tender prices for new construction work will not rise until 2011 and that if the public spending was cut it would have a detrimental effect on the construction industry. This is further supported in my literature review which states that strategic tendering and project mix is even more crucial during a recession. Ren and Lin (1996) judge that it is in a companys long term in

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1. Stimulus generalization transfer a response learned to one stimulus to a similar stimulus. The benefit of stimulus generalization outweighs the disadvantage in strategic marketing. In the market today buyers consider perceptions, needs, product loyalty, age and income when purchasing a product. Stimulus generalization allows the market to offer new products with new benefits into an existing brand name product. Thus consumers can have several options to choose from, but some consumers are confused because there are so many different products.Some consumers like to stick to the same brand, some like to try something new and some will experiment from time to time. The advantage is being able to make new products such as: mouthwash, different flavored toothpaste, whiting strip and many more. Some of the disadvantages it has are so many brands and choices to choose from which consumers are not sure what to buy. It is better that there are so many options, but consumer are not sure wha t products are the best and then they have to purchase the product to find out the results.Normally most people will stick to the products that they are used to buy because they know those are going to satisfy their primary needs. 2. The marketers of Pepsodent and Colgate can decrease consumer confusion regarding toothpastes and related oral hygiene products by distinguishing the difference between the products they offer. For this reason, the identity of a particular product in the line should be made to stand out from the rest. Being that when one brand brings out a new product the other brand brings out a new one that is similar, it is basically a matter of personal choice and what works for that consumer and their situation

Things You Should Know About Argumentative Definition Essay Topics

Things You Should Know About Argumentative Definition Essay Topics Hence, humor is more of an opinion that has a specific effect on an individual. It's either categorized as a phenomenon that arrives from inside or outside an individual or object. Consequently, you rely on text messages instead of physical conversation. You have to keep in mind that most physical object has definitions that are similar for most people, and so you will write about something, that usually don't have another opinion. There could be circumstances while people look back on their very own physical structure. All the same, the majority of people look at beauty in conditions of having collective characteristics in an individual or an object that provides a feeling of some pleasure in spirit, mind and sight too. For instance, some individuals are color-blind, and to a person who has jaundice a lot of the world takes on a yellow cast. Tall persons will probably be more physically active. It isn't easy to turn into successful and hardly anyone is really successful but it's a noble aim to strive for. It would be great if you had your private expertise in the issue you are likely to define. The term beauty can indicate an unlimited quantity of things to so a lot of people. If you need assistance with a definition essay, or just do not have sufficient time to write it by yourself, no worries! What You Should Do About Argumentative Definition Essay Topics Starting in the Next 15 Minutes Interestingl y, 1 paragraph of about five lines is all that you'll want to finish your project. It is possible to describe a person's appearance by saying they look nice or look wonderful, but should you call someone a great man or an excellent woman, or say they are nice or are wonderful, you're describing their character, not their overall look. In reality no item can create somebody beautiful because beauty isn't something that you may see. Instead, you ought to pick a thought that connects with your intended audience. Obviously, here, you'll discover a wide array of topics and essay ideas. Obviously, you can't learn about all of them. With these strategies, you can develop interesting and exclusive topics in almost no time in any respect. You may discover that there are a few normal tactics to utilize in elaborating a term. Argumentative Definition Essay Topics Explained Beauty is not just outward look. It is one of the most prevalent themes in the world. It is only skin-deep, as some people may say. It is not only appearance but it is also what people cannot see. Beauty isn't outward look but inner look. It can also be a sport or a goal. It must be invited and it must flow. It has always been costly. The Tried and True Method for Argumentative Definition Essay Topics in Step by Step Detail Every one of the views sketched below has many expressions, a few of which could be incompatible together. The character of beauty is just one of the most fascinating riddles of philosophy. If you opt to center on the beauty within, you will obtain the worth of true communication with a different one. By any simple transition, the term beauty is utilised to express what's pleasing to the other senses, or to the understanding. Even the many dictionaries have several definitions for the simple yet ever so intricate word. It's possible to read indifferently from 1 translation to the other and catch exactly the same aesthetic gleam. It's common to start with a typical definition from a dictionary for a reference. Going through them will provide you with an ideal head start in figuring out how to compose persuasive definition essays. Books, naturally, are the very best source of helpful information. Life is easier if we are living in harmony with what's real. Family is a wholly necessary part of anybody's life. Anorexia Nervosa is really the most typical source of death in women ages 15-24. Women especially would like to be perceived as beautiful. Beauty is having a lovely soul and being a great person all around. The great thing about the Turkish women is still an issue of dispute. Once you get your topic, there's a definition essay structure you should follow. Identify three conditions which you think meet the definition. The definition has to be thorough and long. The ideal way to start is to look up several diverse definitions of the period, and see the way that it's usually employed. Photoshopping is prevalent in the modern world. Today, things appear to have evolved. To begin with, bear in mind that it's structured and worded in a manner that attracts the entire attention of your readers. At precisely the same time, if you're going to decide on some abstract thing for a topic for your essay, you need to understand this thing has different meaning to different individuals.

Bo Burnham and Self-Deprecation in Comedy Essay example

Bo Burnham and Self-Deprecation in Comedy Self-Deprecation is arguably one of the most popular comedic styles these days. People enjoy putting themselves down, making themselves the butt of the jokes, because it’s easier to make yourself a joke before someone else does. Sigmund Freud talked about self-deprecation, along with other comedic devices, as a way to make one feel superior to others, and I think that even now that definitely a thing. The list of comedians who use self-deprecating humor goes on and on, but my personal favorite would be Bo Burnham, who has centered his entire career on making fun of himself, while also critiquing society as a whole. His latest show â€Å"what.† is a shining example of that, since with almost each and†¦show more content†¦The whole bit takes self-deprecation to a whole psychological and mental level that I’ve never seen any other comedian do before. It’s incredibly theatrical in nature, and just one of those times in the show where he’s basically calling himself a wreck for laughs, though in a much more crude fashion. Freud talks about how laughter garners a sense of superiority in people, and that fits in perfectly with Burnham, because he actually has a bit in his show where he talks about how he goes about making himself seem better than others. He does this by saying random phrases, such as â€Å"Check out this Amish website,† and â€Å"I work at a toll booth and I don’t want to kill myself.† He says that phrases like these are things that people wouldn’t normally say, and by saying them, he’s making himself superior to others in a way. It seems like a legitimate bit because he’s very confident in his delivery, because his stage persona is already incredibly overconfident, arrogant, and obviously already feels a sense of superiority. At the end of Burnham’s show, he has another miming bit, where three separate people are talki ng to him (all recorded voices that he did), one of a girl who went to high school with him and wants to use his fame to try and impress friends, one who is an agent who wants to exploit him and basically make him sell out, and another who is a guy that only knows of Burnham and insists that he’s changed. They tell him that he sucks and they